Introduction to Ethics
Ethics is the philosophical study of moral values, principles, and judgments that guide human behavior. It examines what is right and wrong, and how we ought to act in various situations. Let's delve into the fascinating world of ethics.
Major Ethical Theories
- Utilitarianism: This consequentialist theory, developed by Jeremy Bentham and John Stuart Mill, argues that actions are morally right if they maximize overall happiness or minimize suffering.
- Deontology: Immanuel Kant's deontological ethics is based on duty and moral principles, asserting that actions are inherently right or wrong, regardless of their consequences.
- Virtue Ethics: Rooted in Aristotle's philosophy, virtue ethics emphasizes the development of moral character and virtues as the foundation for ethical behavior.
Applied Ethics
Applied ethics involves the application of ethical theories and principles to real-life moral dilemmas and issues, such as medical ethics, business ethics, and environmental ethics.
Ethical Decision-making
Ethical decision-making involves considering the moral implications of choices and selecting the most ethically sound option. Factors to consider include consequences, duties, rights, virtues, and the common good.
